ISOBARS.
isotopes is that in which are atoms of thesame element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. It is, however, also possible that in some cases,’ the atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers may have the same mass number. Such atoms are called isobars. We can now say that : Isobars are the atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers but the same mass number (or same atomic mass), sobars have different number of protons in their nuclei but the total number of nucleons (protons + neutrons) in them is the same.An example of isobars is argon, Ar , and calcium, Ca. This is because argon and calcium are atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers of 18 and 20 respectively but the same mass number of 40.
ISOTOPES.
the elements have a number of atoms which have the ‘same atomic number’ but ‘different atomic mass ’. Such atoms of an element are called ‘isotopeS Thus : (Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
the same atomic number because they contain the same number of protons ahd eleCtrons) Isotopes of element have different mass numbers because they contain different number of neutrons. It is clear that the isotopes of an element differ in the number of neutrons in their nucl. Let us take an example
All the chlorine atoms contain 17 protons, so the atomic number of all the chlore atoms is 7. No,t understand the meaning of isotopes more clearly.
some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons whereas other chlorine atoms contain 20 neutrons. Chlorine ato can, therefore, have mass numbers of 17 + 18 = 35 or 17 + 20 = 37. Thus, chlorine has two isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37 respectively.
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES.
There are two types of isotopes : those which are stable and those which are unstable. The isotopes
which are unstable (due to the presence of extra neutrons in their nuclei) and emit various types of radiations, are called radioactive isotopes (or just radioisotopes). The radiations (such as alpha particles,)
. beta particles and gamma rays) are emitted by the unstable nuclei of the racoacfive isotopes. Some of the common radioactive isotopes are : Carbon-14, Arsenic-74, Sodium-24, Iodine43l, Cobalt-60 and Uranium-
235. The high energy radiations emitted by radioactive isotopes are harmful to human beings., So, radioactive isotopes have to be used very, very carefully by taking suitable precautions arid at proper concentrations to avoid damage.
Applications of Radioactive Isotopes.
Radioactive isotopes are widely used in medicine to diagnose, study and treat various ailments. They are also used in power plants and in industry. Some of the important applications (or uses) of radioactive isotopes are given below
1. Radioactive isotopes are used as a fuel in nuclear reactors of nuclear power plants for generating electrici ty
Uranium-235 isotope is used as a fuel in the reactors of nuclear power plants for generating electricity This is done as follows : When uranium-235 atoms are bombarded with slow moving neutrons, the heavy.
isotopes is that in which are atoms of thesame element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. It is, however, also possible that in some cases,’ the atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers may have the same mass number. Such atoms are called isobars. We can now say that : Isobars are the atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers but the same mass number (or same atomic mass), sobars have different number of protons in their nuclei but the total number of nucleons (protons + neutrons) in them is the same.An example of isobars is argon, Ar , and calcium, Ca. This is because argon and calcium are atoms of different elements having different atomic numbers of 18 and 20 respectively but the same mass number of 40.
- Here is another example of isobars. The radioactive sodium, Na , and magnesium Mg , are isobars. This is because radioactive sodium and magnesium are different elements having different atomic numbers
- 11 and 12 respectively but the same mass number of 24.
- In order to find out isobars from among a number of given species, we should look at their atomic numbers and mass numbers. The atomic species having different atomic numbers but same mass number will be isobars.
ISOTOPES.
the elements have a number of atoms which have the ‘same atomic number’ but ‘different atomic mass ’. Such atoms of an element are called ‘isotopeS Thus : (Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
the same atomic number because they contain the same number of protons ahd eleCtrons) Isotopes of element have different mass numbers because they contain different number of neutrons. It is clear that the isotopes of an element differ in the number of neutrons in their nucl. Let us take an example
All the chlorine atoms contain 17 protons, so the atomic number of all the chlore atoms is 7. No,t understand the meaning of isotopes more clearly.
some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons whereas other chlorine atoms contain 20 neutrons. Chlorine ato can, therefore, have mass numbers of 17 + 18 = 35 or 17 + 20 = 37. Thus, chlorine has two isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37 respectively.
RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES.
There are two types of isotopes : those which are stable and those which are unstable. The isotopes
which are unstable (due to the presence of extra neutrons in their nuclei) and emit various types of radiations, are called radioactive isotopes (or just radioisotopes). The radiations (such as alpha particles,)
. beta particles and gamma rays) are emitted by the unstable nuclei of the racoacfive isotopes. Some of the common radioactive isotopes are : Carbon-14, Arsenic-74, Sodium-24, Iodine43l, Cobalt-60 and Uranium-
235. The high energy radiations emitted by radioactive isotopes are harmful to human beings., So, radioactive isotopes have to be used very, very carefully by taking suitable precautions arid at proper concentrations to avoid damage.
Applications of Radioactive Isotopes.
Radioactive isotopes are widely used in medicine to diagnose, study and treat various ailments. They are also used in power plants and in industry. Some of the important applications (or uses) of radioactive isotopes are given below
1. Radioactive isotopes are used as a fuel in nuclear reactors of nuclear power plants for generating electrici ty
Uranium-235 isotope is used as a fuel in the reactors of nuclear power plants for generating electricity This is done as follows : When uranium-235 atoms are bombarded with slow moving neutrons, the heavy.
No comments:
Post a Comment
If you have any problem then ask me through comment.